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Are Shareholders Liable for a Default on an SBA Loan?

Explore shareholder liability for SBA loan defaults. Learn about ownership thresholds, guarantees, and safeguarding your investment in a complex financial landscape.

Understanding Your Financial Responsibility as a Shareholder

Have you ever wondered about your financial responsibility as a shareholder in a company that defaults on an SBA loan? This is a common concern for many investors and business owners. Protect Law Group, a law firm specializing in SBA loan issues, helps unravel the complexities surrounding this topic, providing clarity on when shareholders might be liable for such defaults.

Basics of SBA Loans

The Small Business Administration (SBA) offers loan programs to help businesses access capital for growth and sustainability. These loans, backed by government support, often come with more favorable terms than traditional loans. Typically, the borrowing business entity is responsible for repayment. However, shared ownership structures can complicate liability.

Are Shareholders Automatically Liable?

Debunking Automatic Liability

As a shareholder, simply owning shares or units of interest in a company does not automatically make you liable for its debts, including SBA loan defaults. This protection applies to corporations and LLCs, where personal assets are generally separate from business liabilities.

Role of Guarantees in Liability

Liability arises if you sign an Unconditional Guarantee agreement, such as the SBA Form 148. This agreement establishes personal liability for loan repayment, independent of your shareholder status. Protect Law Group advises clients on understanding and negotiating such agreements to minimize personal risk.

The Ownership Threshold and Liability

SBA’s Ownership Rules

The SBA requires personal guarantees from all owners with at least a 20% stake in the borrowing entity. If you own 20% or more, you will likely need to sign a personal guarantee.

Ownership Percentage Required to Sign Personal Guarantee? Less than 20% No 20% or More Yes

Implications of Ownership

Understanding this threshold is crucial for shareholders and potential investors. Protect Law Group helps clients assess their financial stake and liability, ensuring informed decisions about their investments.

Spousal Involvement and Liability

Combined Ownership Considerations

If you and your spouse collectively own 20% or more of a company, both may be required to sign a personal guarantee, even if individual ownership is less than 20%. This is outlined in the SBA's Standard Operating Procedures (SOP 50 10 5(J)).

Spousal Guarantees in Practice

Protect Law Group advises clients on navigating combined ownership scenarios, ensuring they understand the implications for liability and financial planning.

Minority Shareholders and Liability

Owning 5% or Less

Shareholders with less than 5% ownership are generally not required to provide personal guarantees. However, lenders may request guarantees in specific cases.

Protecting Collateral Interests

Lenders may seek guarantees to secure collateral interests. In such cases, an Unconditional Limited Guarantee (SBA Form 148L) may be used, limiting liability to the collateral.

Navigating Financial Responsibilities

Assessing Your Liabilities

Investing in a business with an SBA-backed loan requires careful assessment of potential liabilities. Protect Law Group provides expert advice to help clients understand agreements and align them with their risk tolerance.

Communicating with Lenders

Open communication with lenders is essential. Protect Law Group helps clients navigate lender requirements, ensuring transparency and avoiding surprises.

Planning for Future Investments

Risk Assessment and Decision-Making

Evaluate investment decisions based on potential liability. Protect Law Group assists clients in balancing risks and returns, considering ownership structures and obligations.

Seeking Professional Advice

Consulting legal and financial experts is crucial. Protect Law Group offers tailored guidance to help clients protect their assets and make strategic investment decisions.

Conclusion: Safeguarding Your Investment

Understanding your potential liability as a shareholder is key to protecting your investments and personal assets. Protect Law Group specializes in helping clients navigate SBA loan complexities, ensuring clarity on ownership percentages and guarantee agreements. With informed decisions and professional support, you can minimize liabilities and maximize gains.

Are Shareholders Liable for a Default on an SBA Loan?

Understanding your financial responsibilities as a shareholder in a company with an SBA loan is crucial. Protect Law Group specializes in helping individuals and businesses navigate the complexities of SBA loan obligations. Whether you're concerned about personal guarantees, ownership thresholds, or spousal liabilities, their experienced SBA attorneys provide tailored solutions to safeguard your investments and personal assets. Contact Protect Law Group today at (833) 428-0937 for a case evaluation and expert guidance on managing your SBA loan concerns effectively.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are shareholders automatically liable for a company's SBA loan default?

No, shareholders are not automatically liable for a company's SBA loan default. If you are a shareholder who has invested by purchasing shares or units of interest, your personal assets are generally protected and distinguished from the business's debts. However, liability may arise if you have signed an Unconditional Guarantee agreement.

What is the role of an Unconditional Guarantee in shareholder liability?

An Unconditional Guarantee is a legal agreement that makes you personally liable for the repayment of an SBA loan if the company defaults. This liability stems from the guarantee agreement itself, not your status as a shareholder. It is typically documented on SBA Form 148.

What ownership percentage triggers a personal guarantee requirement for SBA loans?

The SBA requires a personal guarantee from all owners who hold at least a 20% stake in the borrowing entity. If you own 20% or more of the company, you will be required to sign a personal guarantee as part of the loan agreement. Owners with less than 20% ownership are generally not required to provide a guarantee.

How does spousal ownership affect liability for SBA loans?

If you and your spouse collectively own 20% or more of the company, and your spouse owns at least 5%, both of you may be required to sign a full personal guarantee. This combined ownership threshold is outlined in the SBA's Standard Operating Procedures (SOP 50 10 5(J)).

Are minority shareholders with less than 5% ownership liable for SBA loans?

Minority shareholders with less than 5% ownership are generally not liable for SBA loans. However, in certain cases, lenders may request a guarantee, especially if collateral is pledged and a lien needs to be perfected. In such scenarios, an Unconditional Limited Guarantee (SBA Form 148L) may be required, limiting liability to the collateral interest.

What steps can shareholders take to assess and manage their liabilities for SBA loans?

Shareholders should carefully review all loan agreements and guarantee documents before signing. Seeking financial and legal advice can help you understand your potential liabilities and align them with your risk tolerance. Open communication with lenders is also essential to clarify requirements and avoid surprises. Regularly monitoring the financial health of the business can further safeguard your investment.

$324,000 SBA 7A LOAN - SBA OHA LITIGATION

$324,000 SBA 7A LOAN - SBA OHA LITIGATION

Clients obtained an SBA 7(a) loan for $324,000 to buy a small business and its facility. The business and real estate had an appraisal value of $318,000 at the time of purchase.  The business ultimately failed but the participating lender abandoned the business equipment and real estate collateral even though it had valid security liens. As a result, the lender recouped nearly nothing from the pledged collateral, leaving the business owners liable for the deficiency balance. The SBA paid the lender the 7(a) guaranty money and was assigned ownership of the debt, including the right to collect. However, the clients never received the SBA Official 60-Day Notice and were denied the opportunity to negotiate an Offer in Compromise (OIC) or a Workout directly with the SBA before being transferred to Treasury's Bureau of Fiscal Service, which added an additional $80,000 in collection fees. Treasury garnished and offset the clients' wages, federal salary and social security benefits. When the clients tried to negotiate with Treasury by themselves, they were offered an unaffordable repayment plan which would have caused severe financial hardship. Clients subsequently hired the Firm to litigate an Appeals Petition before the SBA Office & Hearings Appeals (OHA) challenging the legal enforceability and amount of the debt. The Firm successfully negotiated a term OIC that was approved by the SBA Office of General Counsel, saving the clients approximately $205,000.

$375,000 SBA 504 LOAN - SBA OIC CASH SETTLEMENT

$375,000 SBA 504 LOAN - SBA OIC CASH SETTLEMENT

The client personally guaranteed an SBA 504 loan balance of $375,000.  Debt had been cross-referred to the Treasury at the time we got involved with the case.  We successfully had debt recalled to the SBA where we then presented an SBA OIC that was accepted for $58,000.

$150,000 SBA COVID-19 EIDL – BUSINESS CLOSURE REVIEW & COLLATERAL RELEASE | NEGOTIATED RESOLUTION

$150,000 SBA COVID-19 EIDL – BUSINESS CLOSURE REVIEW & COLLATERAL RELEASE | NEGOTIATED RESOLUTION

Our firm successfully resolved an SBA COVID-19 Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) in the original amount of $150,000 for a Florida-based borrower. The loan, issued on June 4, 2020, was secured by business assets and potential personal liability through the SBA's Security Agreement.

Following the permanent closure of the business, we guided the client through the SBA’s Business Closure Review process and prepared a comprehensive collateral analysis. We negotiated directly with the SBA, obtaining a full release of the business collateral for $2,910 — satisfying the borrower’s obligations under the Security Agreement and eliminating any further enforcement risk against the pledged assets.

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